How the fox cheatedthe old man

They say it happened long ago, when Foxes could speak. Once the Fox came to the Old Man, who lived with his old, deaf wife. They had no children. The Fox said:
- You may hire me. I'll be a good shepherd for your deer.
The Old Man hired him on trust. The Fox drove his deer far away and kept them in the tundra for three months. On the fourth he came to the Old Man and said:
- I've come alone to visit you. The deer are resting. I was shepherding them very well. They are fat now.
The Old Man was glad and went out to have a look at his deer. In the pasture he saw nothing but their bones - the Fox had eaten his deer. The Old Man ran home shouting and showing with gestures that he wanted his wife to catch the Fox. The Old Woman couldn't hear and asked the Fox:
- What is he saying?
The Fox shouted right into her ear:
He wants you to give me a big piece of fat for my good work and to be quick about it.
Having got the fat, the Fox disappeared into the taiga so quickly that the Old Man failed to catch him. That's how the Old Man and his wife lost their deer. That's how the Fox cheated them.

Why the crician became flat

Once upon a time the Elk was walking along the bank of the river nibbling grass. The Crucian saw him, swam nearer and began teasing him.
- You have long ears and long legs, but you can't swim.
The Elk became angry and banged the water with his leg, that the Crucian jumped out of the water and fell on the grass, gasping. He was afraid and began to cry:
-My gills are drying up. I'm thirsty. I am dying.
The Elk felt pity for the Crucian and threw him into the water.
In the wated the Crucian came to life and again began teasing the Elk:
- You have long ears and long legs, but can't swim. The Elk got still angrier and kicked the water again. And again the Crucian flew out of the water and fell on the grass. Gasping he began to cry:
- My gills are getting dry. I'm thirsty. I am dying. I promise not to tease you any more.
The Elk threw him back into the river again. The Crucian bumped against the water sideways and turned flat. Since then the Crucian is afraid of the Elk. The Crucian's dwelling place is under the water and when the Elk comes to the bank of the river to nibble some juicy green grass, the Crucian hides himself quickly in his hole and keeps silent.

The price of the needle

An Evenk and his family spent their life wandering about the taiga. He had a wife, a baby and many deer. One day they settled on the bank of a big river. He left his family and deer for some time and went fishing far away. Having caught enough fish, he returned home. He found his wife crying and asked: "Why are you crying?"
She answered: "There were robbers here and they stole all our deer. They didn't kill me because I hid myself and the baby in the taiga". Her husband said: "Oh, you, woman. You really frightened me. Just fancy, I thought, you had lost the needle." In the old days a woman could have only one needle for the whole family. If it was lost, they couldn't sew any clothes and it meant death for all the family. That was the price of the Evenk needle in the old days.

Why the bear has no thumb

Long, long ago, when life on the Earth had just begun, the taiga abounded with animals, birds and other living things. The Bear, the strongest among the animals, was their Headmaster. He was afraid of nobody but Man. Many times he fought with him but couldn't win a victory. That angered the Bear. How was it that he, the Bear, so big and mighty, was unable to win over a little Man! Why? Most likely, because the Man had a thumb on his hand, while the Bear had no thumb on his paw.
-I'll go and ask for a thumb for myself from that kind spirit Heveki,-he thought. -Then I'll be stronger than the Man.
Once the Bear came to Heveki and said:
- Heveki, you are kind and merciful. I have no thumbs. Let me have the same thumbs as the Man has.
Heveki answered:
-You are strongest among all the animals. Why do you need any thumbs? If I gave you thumbs you would kill all the people.
The Bear thought a little and said:
- That's what I mean. I want to be the strongest on the Earth. Heveki answered:
-Well, I'll give you thumbs. But then I'll give the Dog, Man's best friend and his helper, bows and arrows.
- If you give the Dog bows and arrows, he will kill all the Bears in one year. I know Dogs quite well. I would rather live without thumbs.
That's why the Bear has no thumb.

The swan and the raven

Long ago, when Heveki was making every living thing on the Earth, many birds and animals were created in these lands and among the last he created the White Swans. When Khargi, The Enemy, saw them, he decided to make a White Bird of his own. It took him much time, but his Bird looked ugly and couldn't swim. Khargi pushed him stealthily into the flock of Swans. When the Swans saw the White Bird they took him into their family. Time passed and one Swan decided to get married. All the Swans of his family gathered at the wedding feast. The White Bird was invited too. The tables were loaded with dishes made of grass. The Swans were eating helping themselves, but the White Bird couldn't eat any grass. So he went out, found a piece of meat, and began eating it greedily. A young Swan saw him, came running to the Swans dancing after dinner and told them about the White Bird eating rotten meat. The Swans left the wedding. The Leader of the Swans went to Heveki and said:
- One of the Swans was eating rotten meat, he can't live in our family. Let him go away. Heveki said:
- How right you are. He was made by Khargi. He is no Swan. He'll become the Raven and have to part with the Swans forever. He is doomed to be black, and to clean the Earth from any rot. That is how the Raven became black. Now he eats only rotten meat - cleans our Earth and keeps Nature safe. The Raven can't sing, he only croaks - because he was made by Khargi, The Enemy. That is what the old folk say.

The cunning fox and thewoodpecker

Once upon a time there lived a very cunning Fox. One day she came to an Old Man and an Old Woman and said: "You have no children. I want to be your daughter." The old people took her into their family and they began to live together. Soon the warm summer came. One day the Old Man told his wife: "We are going to cross the river. In summer the other bank is dry, and the taiga abounds in animals and birds. We'll have good hunting there." They asked the Fox to take their things across the river.
The Fox sat in their boat and started rowing, but in the middle of the river she stopped rowing and let the boat go farther and farther down the stream. The Old Man and the Old Woman guessed that the Fox had played a dirty trick on them and began to weep. A Woodpecker saw them and asked: "Why are you weeping?"
The Old Man answered: "The Fox lived with us as our daughter. We wanted to move to the other bank of the river and asked the Fox to take our things across the river. She sat in the boat with our things and went away." The Woodpecker listened to the Old Man and flew after the Fox, to catch her up. While flying the Woodpecker thought: "How cunning and bad that Fox is! She's always fooling everybody, wanting to live at someone else's account. She didn't even take pity on the Old Man. Well you just wait, you depraved Fox! I'll catch up with you - and teach you a lesson. Let's see how you'll fool somebody else then!" And still there wasn't a Fox in sight. How far she had got to.
He flew for a long time. At last he saw the Fox and said: "I am very tired. May I rest in your boat?" The Fox allowed him to sit in the boat.
Imperceptively the Woodpecker pecked a hole in the bottom of the boat and said: "This boat has a leak. Let's make a stop and repair it." They moored and the Woodpecker went to the taiga to look for some resin, while the Fox stayed in the boat. The Woodpecker brought some bark and knots but kept the resin hidden. He said to the Fox: "I haven't found any resin. I don't know where to look for it." The Fox herself went to the taiga to look for resin.
The Woodpecker quickly covered the hole with resin and rowed off the bank. The Fox came running and began to cry and shout that the Woodpecker had robbed her of her boat and things. But who would believe the cunning Fox? The Woodpecker returned the boat to the old people. They were happy to get their property back. The Old Man forged an iron beak and claws, his wife made a nice red cap. Since that time the Woodpecker has a strong beak, sharp claws and a red cap.